Pug History: Origin of the Pug Breed & Other Pug Facts 2024

History of the Pug Breed

Fun fact, if we look at the Etmology of the word “pug“, in the 1560’s it was originally a term of endearment that means “little one”? And then in the 1600s, the word became synonymous with “sprite, imp.” In 1749 it was regarded as a “miniature dog.”

And then in the 1750s the Oxford dictionary acknowledged the Pug as a “dwarf breed” dog.

Pugs are undoubtedly one of the most expressive and loyal breeds of dogs. And to know more about Pugs is to cherish them. Below you can find the most captivating facts about our dear Pugs that every Pug parent must know.

Pug Origins

Where Do Pugs Originate From?

Pugs have a rich history that traces back over 2,000 years to ancient China, where they were highly regarded as companion dogs for Chinese nobility and royalty.

What Were Pugs Bred For?

The wrinkles on the pugs’ foreheads are actually bred with intention, they resemble the Chinese character for “prince” (王). Because of their small size and friendly personality, the pug breed breed was established as a great companion dog.

Pugs Were Chinese Royalty

Pugs were imperial favorites and particularly favored during the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) and Qing Dynasty (1644-1912), where they lived luxurious lives in palaces, serving as loyal companions and symbols of prestige.

Pugs Export to Europe

Pugs made their way to Europe in the 16th century through trading routes established between the Dutch East India Company and China. European traders and explorers were captivated by the unique appearance and charming nature of the pugs. Because of their small and sturdy size, along with minimal exercise requirements, they were (and still are!) a popular choice for a pet.

Pugs Were European Royalty

Pugs gained popularity among European nobility and royalty, including Marie Antoinette of France and Queen Victoria of England. These influential figures helped establish the breed’s reputation as a desirable companion and lapdog.

Evolution of the Pug’s Appearance

Over time, the appearance of pugs began to change as European breeders selectively bred them for specific traits. This resulted in a distinct look, characterized by a short snout, wrinkled face, and curled tail.

Secret Society, “The Order of the Pug”

After the Catholic Church banned members from becoming Freemasons, a group created a secret society called the Order of the Pug in 1740.

The Pug Club

The Pug Dog Club, the first breed club dedicated to pugs, was established in England in 1883. The club played a pivotal role in defining and preserving the breed’s standards and promoting responsible breeding practices.

Recognition by Kennel Clubs

Pugs were officially recognized by kennel clubs, including the American Kennel Club (AKC) and the Kennel Club (UK), in the late 19th century. This recognition solidified their status as a distinct and recognized breed.

Pugs as Companion Dogs

Pugs continued to thrive as beloved companion dogs, known for their playful and affectionate nature. They became popular among families, individuals, and celebrities worldwide, and their presence in households grew.

Present Day

Pugs remain a popular breed globally, known for their endearing personality, adaptability to various lifestyles, and compact size. They continue to be cherished as loyal and entertaining companions in households around the world.

Pugs Are Pop Culture Icons

Pugs gained popularity in various forms of media, including art, literature, and film. Famous artists like William Hogarth depicted pugs in their works, while films like “Men in Black” and “The Secret Life of Pets” featured memorable pug characters.

Basic Statistics and Facts About Pugs

1. Weight – The weight range of a healthy Pug is ranging from 14-18 lbs (6.35-8.16 kgs). This is for both males and females.
2. Height – The height of a male Pug is shorter by an inch than that of the female one. Males are up to 11 inches while females are up to 12 inches tall. (Hillspet)
3. What category do pugs fall into? Despite their bulky and athletic build, they belong to the companion category of dogs and are part of the toy group. Which makes them good for families with kids. They’re also on a short list of brachycephalic breeds.

4. Life Expectancy – Between 12-15 years is the average life expectancy of a Pug. Males live 12.8 years on average while females live longer at an average of 13.2 years. In rare cases, some Pugs can live until their teens as well. (PetPugDog)
5. Pug Popularity – Pugs are also recognized as one of the 50 Most Popular Dog Breeds in 2022. They are also very popular on Instagram and other social media. Some famous celebrity owners are Jessica Alba, Robin Williams, and Hugh Laurie.
6. Pug Colors – Pugs come in different colors. The most typical Pug colors you can see are:

• Fawn (63.1%)
• Black (27.7%)
• Apricot (7.6%)
• Silver (2.1%)

(NCBI)

7. Pugs mixes are also famous worldwide because of their unique features and cute looks. Below are some of the most common Pug crossbreeds:

• Pug-Beagle mix (Puggle)
• Pug-Chihuahua mix (Chug)
• Pug-Siberian Husky mix (Pugsky or Hug)
• Pug-Welsh Corgi mix (Porgi or Corgi Pug)
• Pug-Poodle mix (Pugapoo)
• Pug-French Bulldog mix (Frug)

8. The most famous Pug online is Doug the Pug – He has over 18 million of followers over his social media channels (related: most popular pugs on Instagram). His owner even published a book about their adventures together and opened its own merchandise store. He also made famous friends such as Justin Bieber and Shakira!
9. Pug pregnancy takes around 58 up to 68 days. The mother Pug can also carry an average of 4 to 6 puppies during the pregnancy. (Facts.net)

Breed Characteristics

10. A Pugs’ energy level is average. Pugs have minimal exercise requirements, making them great apartment dogs.
11. They have a low tendency to drool and a high tendency to snore. They also bark moderately. Their attention needs are at a high level, though.
12. Physically, Pugs are square and thickset with round, flat faces, deep wrinkles, huge dark eyes, and fluffy ears. Source: Hillspet

Common Health Issues

13. Pugs are known to be low-maintenance pets but it is important to always be aware of the symptoms of the most common Pug health problems that may impact your dog’s overall health.

Respiratory Issues

• Brachycephalic Syndrome occurs on dogs like Pugs because of their reduced skull length and excess soft tissue in their airways. This may obstruct their airflow.
• Symptoms: gasping for air a lot, struggling to breathe even on moderate exercise

Eye Problems

• Their prominent round eyes are also prone to several issues that may cause pain and chronic irritation. Their eyes, being very big and bulging, are prone to dirt, debris, and other obstacles.
• Symptoms: discolored eye discharge, weeping eyes, discolored spots on the eye, unusual appearances around the eye

Skin Disorders

• Pugs’ itchy skin is prone to allergies (here is a list of food we recommend if your pug has allergies). Their wrinkles can also trap dirt and moisture that may invite bacterial skin infections such as Pyoderma. This usually occurs near their lips, feet, and skin folds.
• Symptoms: pimples, small red bumps, blisters filled with blood

Bone and Joint Problems

• A condition that causes a Pug’s knee to become dislocated is called Luxating Patella. Some severe cases of these require surgery.
• Symptoms: hopping, jumping, favoring one leg, and having difficulty getting up and down

Seizures

• Pug Dog Encephalitis or PDE is an inherited inflammation of a Pug’s brain that tends to affect young to middle-aged Pugs, and this would usually lead to seizures.
• Symptoms: listless, lethargic, display a lack of muscle coordination

In order for our Pugs to live longer, we also have to be responsible owners. To avoid these common health problems, make sure to always visit your vet at the very first sign of the symptoms listed above. Taking action as quickly as possible can absolutely help your Pug buddies get back to being their healthy selves once again.

Source: Dig-in

History

15. The breed history of Pugs is quite remarkable.

For a breed to live as early as 400 B.C., to be considered ‘Goodluck’ because of their wrinkles, to be kept as lapdogs by the emperors, and to be even given their own Pug castles are just some of the few amazing things about our dear Pugs.

Below are the highlights of their beautiful breed history between 400 B.C. and the 19th century:

• Pugs were the Tibetian monk’s companions in their monasteries in ancient times.
• In the 16th century, the Portuguese trades bought the breed to Holland.
• In 1572, Pompey the Pug saved his famous pet parent, William the Silent, Prince of Orange of Netherlands – from the Spanish Assasins by barking to wake his master. Pugs became the official dogs of the House after that.
• William III and Mary introduced Pugs to England when they arrived to claim the throne in 1688.
• When Napoleon’s wife (Josephine Bonaparte) was imprisoned, she used her Pug to deliver messages to her family.
• Queen Victoria popularized the Pug breed in the early 19th century. She loved and owned many Pugs including Pedro, Minka, Venus, Fatima, and Olga.

Source: Aspcapetinsurance

Overall Tips for Pug Owners

16. Pugs adore treats and food a lot. (Sometimes they love it more than their humans). While most Pugs would have very irresistible food begging skills, always make sure to keep them on a healthy diet to avoid any health problems in the future.

Always remember that excessive weight and tough exercise or running are both not advisable with Pugs. Maintaining a fit lifestyle is.

17. If you’re planning on going on a vacation, always consider your Pug’s needs.

As brachycephalic dogs, some airlines ban Pugs from the cargo because of their difficulty regulating body temperature. They also struggle with swimming so if you’re going to the beach, make sure your fur baby is out of the water at all times.

18. Pugs are always playful, sociable, ready for games, and clowns at heart. But underneath their lovely façade, they are also sweethearts that must be always close to their favorite people all the time. Our dear Pugs love to be the center of attention but are disheartened if ignored. Make sure you always make them feel loved.
19. There’s a lot of cool pug shirts. There’s an 84.6% chance you’ll get a compliment in a pug shirt*

*Not an actual fact

Overall, Pugs are great family pets as they will give all their attention and love to you and all your family members. You may need to maintain and always take care of their well-being but in return, you will receive unconditional happiness all throughout your stay together.

Always keep in mind that if your Pug buddy is well taken care of, it could certainly live a long and happy life.